steady

Memory and learning · Keeping the brain plastic

Get your hearing checked

10 minEvidence: decent

Do this

Missing words in conversation, or turning the TV up? Ask your doctor for a hearing test. If aids are offered, wear them.

How to do it

  • Ask your doctor for a hearing test. Do it for your hearing; that's reason enough.
  • If aids are offered, wear them. The trial tested aids in use, with follow-up.
  • Go back to have them adjusted. The trial included audiologist visits, not just the device.
  • Count the memory benefit as possible, not promised. Across the whole trial there wasn't one.

What happens next

  1. Hearing losson the risk list

    It's one of 14 dementia risk factors a 2024 expert panel says can in principle be changed.

  2. Testmeasures the loss

    An audiologist, a hearing specialist, tests you and fits aids if you need them. That's what the trial gave people.

  3. Aidsworn and adjusted

    The trial ran three years of aids plus audiologist visits, not a device handed over once.

  4. Youslower decline, maybe

    Only in the higher-risk group. Across everyone, thinking declined at the same rate as with health education.

Why it works

Hearing loss is one of 14 risk factors for dementia that an expert panel writing in The Lancet says can in principle be changed. Evidence: decent

The main trial of fixing it is mixed. Across everyone, three years of hearing care didn't slow the decline of thinking. In a group at higher risk, it slowed it by about half. Evidence: decent Get tested for your hearing, which is reason enough, and count the memory part as possible, not promised. Evidence: worth trying

The long readEvery step of the chain, each study with its numbers, and what's still unproven. 2 min read.

What happens next

This chain is a route to care, not brain areas. How hearing and memory are linked inside the head isn't what the trial tested.

Hearing loss is on the list. In 2024 the Lancet panel counted 14 risk factors for dementia that can in principle be changed, and hearing loss is one. Evidence: decent Their estimate that tackling all 14 could prevent or delay about 45 per cent of cases is for whole populations, not your personal odds. Evidence: decent

A test measures it. In the trial, people saw an audiologist, a hearing specialist, who tested them and fitted hearing aids. Evidence: decent

Aids, worn and adjusted. The hearing group had three years of aids plus audiologist visits. The comparison group had health-education sessions instead. Evidence: decent

You: slower decline, maybe. Across everyone, both groups declined at the same rate. In the higher-risk group, the hearing-care group declined 48% more slowly. Evidence: decent

The proof

  • 977 adults aged 70 to 84 with untreated hearing loss were randomly assigned to three years of hearing care, aids plus audiologist, or to health education. Across the whole group, thinking declined at the same rate in both. Evidence: decent
  • A group of 238 at higher risk of decline, drawn from an existing long-term study (ARIC) and named in advance, declined 48% more slowly with hearing care over three years. Evidence: decent A subgroup result is weaker than a whole-trial result, even when it was planned. Evidence: decent
  • Hearing loss is one of the 14 changeable dementia risk factors in the 2024 Lancet Commission. Evidence: decent

How to do it

  • Ask your doctor for a hearing test. Do it for your hearing first.
  • If aids are offered, wear them. The trial tested aids in use, with follow-up. Evidence: decent
  • Go back for adjustments. Audiologist visits were part of what the trial gave. Evidence: decent

Watch out

The headline 48% comes from a subgroup of 238, not from all 977 people. Across the whole trial there was no effect on thinking. Evidence: decent The trial ran three years, so longer effects are unknown. Nobody has shown hearing aids prevent dementia. Evidence: decent

Arrows to move, Enter to open, Esc to close.